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You are here: Home / Z9 / How fast is the Z9 shutter?

How fast is the Z9 shutter?

January 27, 2022 JimK 13 Comments

This is one in a series of posts on the Nikon Z9. You should be able to find all the posts about that camera in the Category List on the right sidebar, below the Articles widget. There’s a drop-down menu there that you can use to get to all the posts in this series; just look for “Z9”.

To measure how fast focal plane shutters are, I use a setup like this:

 

What do we have here?

  • Z9 on camera stand via a C1 cube
  • ISO 2000
  • Z9 set to 1/2000 second exposure
  • CV 125/2.5 on Z9
  • Lens set to f/2.5
  • Analog oscilloscope, sweep speed 0.5 milliseconds per division
  • Function generator set to produce a 10 KHz triangle wave

Here’s the picture the camera took:

The bright green traces are the ones to look at.  The dimmer green traces are due to phosphor persistence in the scope. The width of the green band is about one division. One division is 500 microseconds. 1/2000 second is 500 microseconds. Earlier time is on the left, and later time is on the right. So the shutter exposes the sensor from the top of the image to the bottom. That’s the same as saying the shutter exposes the sensor from the bottom of the sensor to the top. That is the way that Sony MILCs have done things, but is the opposite of the traditional Nikon shutter direction.

It takes 7.4 divisions for the start — and the end — of the exposure to travel from the top of the image to the bottom. That means it takes 3.7 milliseconds for that to happen. 3.7 milliseconds is 1/270 second.

Pretty fast for a FF electronic shutter.

 

Z9

← High-ISO Z9 shadow noise — visuals Nikon Z9 RN, FWC, PDR →

Comments

  1. John says

    January 28, 2022 at 2:14 pm

    Is the Z9 a good landscape camera or is the D850 better

    Reply
    • JimK says

      January 28, 2022 at 2:18 pm

      If you are strictly concerned with dynamic range at base ISO, the D850 is your camera. However, the Z9 is much easier to focus manually. I’d take the Z9.

      Reply
  2. Andreas says

    January 29, 2022 at 1:00 pm

    So with this kind of sensor readout speed, can we assume Z9 is able to take 8k video at 120 fps?

    Reply
    • JimK says

      January 29, 2022 at 1:09 pm

      It cannot do that.

      Reply
    • Lucas says

      February 6, 2022 at 9:56 am

      The blazing fast readout speed of 3.7ms in stills mode is achieved by utilising DRAM, which does not function in video mode. The ADC has to continuously operate and output data in video mode and it’s limited by thermal and power constraint.

      Reply
  3. Dibyendu Majumdar says

    February 5, 2022 at 3:21 pm

    Hi Jim

    Based on your tests, do you think the Z9 sensor is based on Sony A1 or it is different in some fundamental ways that would indicate it is not a Sony sensor.

    Reply
    • JimK says

      February 5, 2022 at 6:19 pm

      I don’t know. It has a lot in common with recent Sony sensors.

      Reply
  4. Andy Miller says

    July 10, 2022 at 12:57 pm

    Out of interest if you rant this test at the fastest shutter speed of 1/32000th second what would it show?

    Reply
    • JimK says

      July 10, 2022 at 1:12 pm

      Same transit time. Thinner band. Dimmer image.

      Reply
      • Andy Miller says

        July 11, 2022 at 1:29 am

        hi – thanks for the response, but it simply does not sound right. How can the whole sensor be scanned in 1/32,000 second – so 0.03125 milli seconds and yet the transit time sty at 1/250 — surely the transit time must vary to reflect the shutter speed. What about if you ran your test at 1/50, 1/500, and 1/5000 second – I would expect the slope shown on your chart to be much flatter, flatter and much steeper than your example.
        Or maybe I simply do not understand your chart -I had assume your chart shows readings the whole of the sensor or a vertical slice.

        Reply
        • JimK says

          July 11, 2022 at 7:50 am

          The image posted is a photograph of a time-varying subject. It does include the whole of the sensor, but reflects what the camera is recording at various times, starting on the left side of the image, and getting later on the right.

          I think you have a fundamental misunderstanding of how a focal place shutter — electronic or mechanical — works. It doesn’t expose the whole sensor at exactly the same time. There are two — electronic or mechanical — curtains. They both travel in the same direction, usually from top to bottom or bottom to top of the image when the camera is in landscape orientation. The first one proceeds across the sensor at some more-or-less constant rate. The time it takes to get to the other side is called the transit time — it’s the time the shutter takes to traverse the sensor. The second curtain starts after the first one, delayed by the amount of time determined by the shutter speed. If the shutter speed is set to 1 second, the second curtain starts 1 second later. If the time is set to 1/1000 second, the second curtain starts 1 millisecond later. If the shutter speed is long, then there are times when the whole sensor is exposed to light. If the shutter speeds are shorter than the transit time, a slit passes over the shutter. At 1/32000 second, it’s a very narrow slit.

          I once had a camera, a 4×5 Speed Graphic, which allowed the user to vary the transit time of the shutter. I’ve never seen a 35 mm or medium format camera that allowed that, except by changing shutter modes. The Z9 has no mechanical shutter, and thus doesn’t allow the user to change the transit time.

          Reply
  5. DennisM says

    December 20, 2022 at 3:55 pm

    Hi
    do you know what the Shutter lag is for the Z9. The D850 was about 57ms, is the Z9 faster?
    I think I read that once the first image is taken the shutter lag is about 7ms?
    great post

    Reply
    • JimK says

      December 20, 2022 at 5:00 pm

      The Z9 should have less shutter latency than the D850, but I haven’t measured it.

      Reply

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